Music Cognition: Partials, Harmonics, Inharmonic Sound, Pitch, Overtones & the Fundamental Frequency

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The concept of partials is critical to music and pitch perception. This video from the Berklee Online course Music Cognition by Susan Rogers details that complex waves can be broken down and described by their individual sine components; these are called partial tones or overtones. Every time you hear a pitch coming from an instrument, you are not only listening to the given pitch, but also to a series of pitches that follow the fundamental pitch, which we call the harmonic series. For example, if you play A4 on the piano, you’ll hear its fundamental (440 Hz), as well as its harmonics, which follow a very simple mathematical rule. The fundamental is the first harmonic so it stays at 440 Hz, the second harmonic is the fundamental multiplied by two, which is equal to 880 Hz (an octave above), the 3rd is the fundamental multiplied by three, and so on. Susan Rogers also gets into how many sounds that we hear have what are called inharmonic partials, meaning that their partial tones do not bear a simple mathematical relationship to their fundamental.

Learn more about this course: https://berkonl.in/42iWpBV

ABOUT SUSAN ROGERS:
Susan Rogers is a professor at Berklee College of Music in the departments of Music Production & Engineering and Liberal Arts, and is the director of the Berklee Music Perception and Cognition Laboratory. A doctor of psychology, her research focuses on auditory memory, the perception of musical signals, and the influence of musical training on auditory development. For two decades prior to her science career, Susan was one of the world’s few women known for her work as a record producer, engineer, mixer, and audio electronics technician. Career highlights include five years (1983-1987) as staff engineer for Prince, producing hit singles for diverse artists such as Barenaked Ladies, David Byrne, Robben Ford, Jeff Black, and Rusted Root, mixing hit singles for an equally eclectic list including Tricky, Michael Penn, Toad the Wet Sprocket, and Tevin Campbell, and engineering for a host more.

About Berklee Online:
Founded in 2002, Berklee Online is the premier innovator and largest provider of worldwide music education, offering the renowned curriculum of Berklee College of Music at a fraction of the cost through award-winning programming and instruction. Contact an Academic Advisor today:
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